Liquid-fuel burner



June 21, 1927. H. c. LITTLE 1,633,549

LIQUID FUEL BURNER Filed NOV. 29. 1926 20 M 16 z I I 4 m O O o o 1 6 0 0Y o o 14- 1 o O o 12 11 5x O o a O INVENTOR Patented June 21, 1927.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HARRY G. LITTLE, OF LABKBPUB, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOB TO V. J. B. CHEDA,Oil BAN RAFAEL, CALIFORNIA.

LIQUID-FUEL BURNER.

Application filed November 28, 1928. Serial No. 151,571.

This invention relates to liquid fuel burners constructed and designedto readily vaporize the fuel, whereby more complete comcombustion andefliciency is obtained.

The primary object of this invention is to provide a liquid fuel burnerof novel construction, whereby the vaporization and more completecombustion of the fuel 1S.

obtained without the use of additional means for aiding vaporization andcombustion.

Another-object of this invention is to provide a liquid fuel burner ofnovel construction and design adapted to roduce more complete combustionof the c caper grades of fuel oil.

Another object of this invention is to pro vide a liquid fuel burneradapted to readily vaporize and burn liquid fuel without the usualaccumulation of carbon and soot.

A further object of this invention is to provide a liquid fuel burner inwhich the oil admitted thereto is readily vaporized and mixed with airto cause more complete combustion and efficiency.

Another object of this invention is to provide a liquid fuel burnerhaving a construction adapted to cause the gases of combustion deliveredinto a furnace to circulate in such a manner as to distribute the heatevenly throu bout the inside thereof.

Further a vantages and ob'ects more or less apparent will be pointe outhereinafter, reference beingmade to the accompanying drawing in Whichlike numerals of reference indicate the same parts throughout theseveral views:

Fig. 1 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view of a liquid fuel burnerembodying my invention; and

Fig.2 is a top view thereof.

Referring to the drawing the numeral 1 represents a sidewall, preferablyof rectangular shape, havin a top 2 and a bottom 3', the said top andbottom being either secured by welding or other suitable means to theside wall or formed integrally therewith. a

The top 2 is provided with a large circular opening 1, which is locatedadjacent its rear end, and the side wall 1 is provided with a pluralityof holes5, distributed around its 16 central and rear part, the saidholes being adapted to allow a quantity of air to enter into thecombustion chamber located between the wall, top and bottom.

The bottom 3 is declined from the front and rear ends of the rectangularshaped wall to a point approximately beneath the center of the largeopening 4, thereby enabhng a quantity of liquid fuel to flow toward andaccumulate at a point .on the bottom immediately beneath the largecentral opening.

Secured to the front corners and the rear end of the side wall 1 bywelding or other suitable means are three projecting lugs 6, havinverticall extending. openings there n, tlirough which three legs 7adjustably extend, each of said legs being held in a suitable positionby set screws or bolts 8. Located in the front end of the wall 1adjacent the bottom 3 is a suitable hole throu h which a feed pipe 9extends, the same eing adapted to admit a quantity of liquid fuel to theinside of the combustion chamber.

Located in the front end of the wall 1, adjacent the top 2, is asuitable hole through which a pipe 10 extends, the end thereof be inglocated immediately above the lowest part of the bottom 3 at a pointwhere. the liquid fuel first accumulates. The pipe 10 is supplied withinflammable gas and serves as a pilot burner to ignite the liquid fueladedges of which is locate a frame 11.

frame 11 is secured to the front end of the wall by welding or othersuitable means, and adapted to rest thereon is a door 12, which hasextending therethrough a key 13, the end of which may be moved to engagewith the inside part of the frame 11' to preventthe door from becomingdislodged from the frame. A hole 14, located in the door 12, permits aquantity of air to enter the combustion chamber. Projecting inside thelarge circular opening 4 and resting on the top 2, is a circular ring15, which is provided with an upwardly extending circumferentialprojecting part Located outside the ring 15, with its upwardly extendingpart separated from the part 16 so as to provide an air channel throughwhich air may proceed in an upward direction, is an air guidin ring 17,having a plurality of downwardly extending lugs 18 which rest on thering 16 and support the air-guiding ring in a proper position on thering 15.

Located above the airuiding ring 17 with its bottom edge space apartfrom the top edge of the air-guiding ring 17, is a top ring 19, having aplurality of downwardly rojectin lugs 20 which rest on the top sur aceof t e air-guiding ring 17 and support the top ring 19 in a properposition above the, same.

The outside circumferential edge of the air-guiding ring 17 is locatedadjacent the walls of a furnace 21 and a quantity of plastic material 22affords a means for sealing the space between the edgeof the said ringand the furnace wall so as to prevent air from entering the bottom partof the furnace 'except through the burner.

The burner is located inside a fire box 23, immediately beneath thefurnace, and is easily removed therefrom after breaking away the plasticmaterial 22 located on the edge of the ring 17 and adjacent the furnacewall 21.

In operation, oil or other liquid fuel admitted to the combustionchamber through the feed ,pipe 9 drops on the bottom 3 and flowsdownwardly over the same until itreaches the pilot burner located at theend of the pipe 10, where it becomes ignited. Primary air for the theinitial combustion of the oil is supplied to the combustion chambermainly through the hole 14 located in the door 12, and as this airroceeds from a jet the velocity is high, an a strongcirculation is setup within the combustion chamber from the said hole toward the circularopening 4. The oil vapors circulate along the sides of thecombustiOILchamber toward the front of the burner and the air admittedthrough holes 5 mixes with the same as it moves past the said holes. Themixture of oil vapors and air upon reaching the front of the burnercombines with the air entering through the hole 14, and is carried withconsiderable velocity through the combustion chamber to a point dlrectlyunder the circular opening 4, where the temperature is high and thevelocity low. At this point combustion occurs, and owin to the fact thatthe velocity of the mixe oil vapors and air is so great at the front ofthe burner, no combustion is permitted to take place except within thearea located immediately beneath the circular opening 4. The heatgenerated through the combustion of the mixture of oil vapors and air atthis point is intense, but excessive heat is prevented from reaching thewalls of the combustion chamber because. of the rich oil vaporscirculating along the same toward the burner front. I

As the gases of combustion pass upwardly and emerge through the largecircular opening 1 they come into contact with the air admitted in avertical direction through the channel provided between the upwardlyprojecting part 16 of the ring 15 and the airguiding ring 17.

The entry of the air with considerable velocity at this point causes theinert gases which tend to stratify along the furnace walls, to movedownwardly and pass through the space located between the upper part ofthe air-guiding ring 17 and the ower ed e of the top rlng 19, afterwhich they com ine with the gases of combustion passing u wardly throu hthe large openmg 4. ie location an shape of top ring 19 causes themovement of the gases thus passing downwardly along the furnace walls tobecome accelerated, thereby aiding combustion and distributing the heatmore evenly throughout the furnace.

It is evident to those skilled in the art that the liquid fuel burnerherein shown and described may assume any desired sha e, and may beconstructed from any material suitable to withstand a high degree ofheat, without departin from the spirit of the invention. In thisconnection 1 have found that a burner having other shaped parts may beembodied in my invention, and I therefore do not desire to be limited tothe ex- 1 act details of construction as'herein shown and described butdesire my invention to include any construction within the spirit of theappended claims.

Having described my invention, what I claim is:

1. A liquid fuel burner having a combustion chamber enclosed by sidewalls, a top and a bottom, a 'lar e opening located in the top throughwhic the gases of combustion may pass from the combustion chamber, aring rest-in on the top and located inside the edge of the largeopening, and an air-guiding ring resting on the first'mentioned ring andspaced therefrom, whereby a quantity of air may enter the burner and mixwith the gases of combustion passing through the large opening in thetop.

2. A liquid fuel burner having a: combustion chamber enclosed by sidewalls, a' top and a bottom, the to having a large opening through whicht e gases of combustion may pass from .the combustion chamber, a ringresting on the top and located inside the edge of the large opening, anair-guiding ring resting on the first mentioned ring and spacedtherefrom whereby a quantity of air may enter the burner and mix withthe gases of combustion passing through the large opening in the top,and

a top ring resting on the air-guiding ring and spaced therefrom, wherebysome of the gases of combustion which have passed through the largeopening in the top may pass between the top ring and the airguiding ringand mix with the gases of combustion passing through the large openingin the top.

3. A liquid fuel burner having a combustion chamber enclosed by sidewalls, a top and a bottom, the top having a large opening through whichthe gases of combustion may pass from the combustion chamber, a ringresting on the top and located inside the edge of the large opening, an

air-guiding ring resting on the first mentioned ring and spacedtherefrom, having its outside edge sealed against the walls of afurnace, a top ring resting on the air-guiding ring and spacedtherefromwhereby an air channel is provided through which some of the combustedgases passing into the fur nace from the combustion chamber maycirculate from the inside of the furnace through the saidair channel andmix with the gases of combustion passing into the furnace through thelarge opening in the top.

4.. A liquid fuel burner having a combus tion chamber enclosed by sidewalls, a top and a bottom, the top having a largeopening through whichthe gases of combustion may pass from the combustion chamber, a ringresting on the top and located inside the edge of the large opening, anair-guiding ring resting on the first mentioned ring and spacedtherefrom to provide an air channel for the entry of air fromthe outsideof the burner, the outside edge of the air-guiding ring being'sealedagainst the walls of a furnace, a top ring resting on the air-guidingring and spaced therefrom whereby an air channel is provided throughwhich some of the combusted gases passing into the furnace from thecombustion chamberniay circulate from the inside of the furnace throughthe said air channel and mix with the gases of combustion passing intothe furnace through the large opening in the top.

5. A liquid fuel burner having a combustion chamber enclosed by sideWalls, a top and a bottom, the top having a large opening through whichthe gases of combustion may pass from the combustion chamber, a ringlocated on the top around the large opening having an upwardlyprojecting part thereon, an air-guiding ring located above I the firstmentioned ringwith its inside edge spaced apart from the upwardlyprojecting part of the said first mentioned ring, whereby an air channelis formed for the entry of air to the inside of the burner in a verticaldirection, and a top ring located above the air-guiding ring and spacedtherefrom whereby a second air channel is provided for the entry intothe burner of some of the gases of combustion whichhave emerged throughthe large opening in the top,

6. A liquid fuel burner having a combustion chamber enclosed by sidewalls, a top and a bottom, the top having a large opening through whichthe gases of combustion may pass from the combustion chamber, a ringlocated on the top around the large opening having an upwardlyprojecting part extending around the same, an air-guiding ring locatedabove the first mentioned ring with its outside edge sealed against thewalls of a furnace and its inside edge spaced apart from the upwardlyprojecting part of the first mentioned ring, whereby a quantity of airfrom the outside of the burner may enter the burner in a verticaldirection and mix with the combusted gases emerging through the largeopening in the top, and a top ring located above the air-guiding ringwith its bottom edge spaced hcrefrom, whereby some of the combustedgases which have passed into the furnace through the large opening inthe top .may mix with the gases of combustion proceeding from thecombustion chamber to the inside of the furnace.

. HARRY'C. LITTLE.

